{"id":1755,"date":"2023-12-25T02:47:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-25T02:47:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/?p=1755"},"modified":"2023-12-25T06:16:30","modified_gmt":"2023-12-25T06:16:30","slug":"crude-oil-pipeline-transportation-system-overview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/crude-oil-pipeline-transportation-system-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation System &#8211; Overview"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_63 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/crude-oil-pipeline-transportation-system-overview\/#exploring_the_benefits_of_crude_oil_pipeline_transportation_systems\" title=\"exploring the benefits of crude oil pipeline transportation systems\">exploring the benefits of crude oil pipeline transportation systems<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/crude-oil-pipeline-transportation-system-overview\/#examining_the_challenges_of_Maintaining_a_Safe_and_Efficient_Crude_Oil_Pipeline_Transportation_System\" title=\"examining the challenges of Maintaining a Safe and Efficient Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation System\">examining the challenges of Maintaining a Safe and Efficient Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation System<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"wpaicg-exploring-the-benefits-of-crude-oil-pipeline-transportation-systems\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"exploring_the_benefits_of_crude_oil_pipeline_transportation_systems\"><\/span><a href=\"\/tag\/exploring\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>explo<a href=\"\/tag\/ring\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>ring<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> the <a href=\"\/tag\/benefits\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>benefits<\/strong><\/a> of <a href=\"\/tag\/crude-oil-pipe\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/crude\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>crude<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pipe\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pip\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pi\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>oil<\/strong><\/a> pi<\/strong><\/a>p<\/strong><\/a>e<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a><a href=\"\/tag\/line\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>line<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/transportation\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>transportation<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/systems\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/system\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>system<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Crude <a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pipeline\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pipeline-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>oil <a href=\"\/tag\/pipeline\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/pipe\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong> Pipe<\/strong><\/strong><\/a>line<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> transportation systems offer a number of advantages over other forms of transportation. <a href=\"\/tag\/these\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>these<\/strong><\/a> systems are <a href=\"\/tag\/cost\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>cost<\/strong><\/a>&#8211;<a href=\"\/tag\/effective\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>effective<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"\/tag\/reliable\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>reliable<\/strong><\/a>, and safe.<\/p>\n<p>Cost-Effectiveness<\/p>\n<p>Pipeline transportation systems are <a href=\"\/tag\/high\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>high<\/strong><\/a>ly cost-effective. They require minimal <a href=\"\/tag\/capital\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>c<a href=\"\/tag\/api\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong>\u00a0API<\/strong><\/strong><\/a>tal<\/strong><\/a> investment and have <a href=\"\/tag\/low\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>low<\/strong><\/a> o<a href=\"\/tag\/per\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>per<\/strong><\/a>ating <a href=\"\/tag\/costs\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>costs<\/strong><\/a>. This <a href=\"\/tag\/make\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>make<\/strong><\/a>s them an attractive <a href=\"\/tag\/opt\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>opt<\/strong><\/a>ion for <a href=\"\/tag\/companies\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/companies-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Companies<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/looking\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>looking<\/strong><\/a> to transport <a href=\"\/tag\/large\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>large<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/volumes\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>volumes<\/strong><\/a> of crude oil. Additionally, <a href=\"\/tag\/pipelines\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>pipelines<\/strong><\/a> are not subject to the same fuel costs as other forms of transportation, such as rail or trucking. This makes them a more <a href=\"\/tag\/economic\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>economic<\/strong><\/a>al <a href=\"\/tag\/choice\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>choice<\/strong><\/a> for long-distance transportation.<\/p>\n<p>Reli<a href=\"\/tag\/ability\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>ability<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pipeline transportation systems are highly reliable. They are <a href=\"\/tag\/design\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>design<\/strong><\/a>ed to operate <a href=\"\/tag\/continuous\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>continuous<\/strong><\/a>ly and are not subject to the same delays and disruptions as other forms of transportation. This makes them an ideal choice for companies that <a href=\"\/tag\/need\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>need<\/strong><\/a> to transport large volumes of crude oil on a regular basis.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/tag\/safety\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>safety<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pipeline transportation systems are also highly safe. They are designed to operate <a href=\"\/tag\/with\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>with<\/strong><\/a> minimal <a href=\"\/tag\/risk\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>risk<\/strong><\/a> of spills or other <a href=\"\/tag\/environmental\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>environmental<\/strong><\/a> damage. Additionally, they are <a href=\"\/tag\/monitor\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>monitor<\/strong><\/a>ed and maintained regularly to <a href=\"\/tag\/ensure\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>ensure<\/strong><\/a> that they are operating safely and efficiently. This makes them an attractive option for companies looking to transport crude oil in an <a href=\"\/tag\/environmentally\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>environmentally<\/strong><\/a> responsible manner.<\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, crude oil pipeline transportation systems offer a number of advantages over other forms of transportation. They are cost-effective, reliable, and safe. For these reasons, they are an attractive option for companies looking to transport large volumes of crude oil.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"wpaicg-examining-the-challenges-of-maintaining-a-safe-and-efficient-crude-oil-pipeline-transportation-system\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"examining_the_challenges_of_Maintaining_a_Safe_and_Efficient_Crude_Oil_Pipeline_Transportation_System\"><\/span><a href=\"\/tag\/examining\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>exa<a href=\"\/tag\/mining\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>mining<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> the <a href=\"\/tag\/challenges\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>challenges<\/strong><\/a> of Maintaining a Safe and Efficient Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation System<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The transportation of crude oil through pipelines is a critical component of the global <a href=\"\/tag\/energy\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>energy<\/strong><\/a> infra<a href=\"\/tag\/structure\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>structure<\/strong><\/a>. As such, it is <a href=\"\/tag\/essential\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>essential<\/strong><\/a> to ensure that these pipelines are operated safely and efficiently. This requires a <a href=\"\/tag\/comprehensive\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>comprehensive<\/strong><\/a> approach to pipeline <a href=\"\/tag\/management\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>management<\/strong><\/a> that addresses the <a href=\"\/tag\/various\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>various<\/strong><\/a> challenges <a href=\"\/tag\/associated\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>associated<\/strong><\/a> with maintaining a safe and efficient pipeline transportation system.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Labels <\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Calculated Mass <\/strong><strong>c<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Nominal Linear Mass T&amp; C <\/strong><strong>b,c<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/wall\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>wall<\/strong><\/a> T<a href=\"\/tag\/hic\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>hic<\/strong><\/a>k- ness<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\"><strong><em><strong><em>e<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><strong><em>m<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><strong>, Mass Gain or Loss Due to End <a href=\"\/tag\/finish\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>finish<\/strong><\/a>ing <\/strong><strong>d<\/strong><strong><em><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Outside <a href=\"\/tag\/diameter\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>diameter<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><strong>Inside Diameter<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Drift Diameter<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Plain- end<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\"><strong>kg<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Round <a href=\"\/tag\/thread\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Thread<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Buttress Thread<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em><strong><em>w<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><strong><em>pe<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em><strong><em>D<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>kg\/m<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em><strong><em>t<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong><em><strong><em>D<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>mm<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>kg\/m<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Short<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Long<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>RC<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>SCC<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>mm<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><strong>mm<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>mm<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><em>1<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>2<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>3<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>4<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>5<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>6<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>7<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>8<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>9<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>10<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>11<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<td><em>12<\/em><em><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>48<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>71.43<\/td>\n<td>8.38<\/td>\n<td>322.96<\/td>\n<td>318.99<\/td>\n<td>68.48<\/td>\n<td>15.04<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014 17.91<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>54.5<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>81.1<\/td>\n<td>9.65<\/td>\n<td>320.42<\/td>\n<td>316.45<\/td>\n<td>78.55<\/td>\n<td>13.88<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>16.44<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>61<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>90.78<\/td>\n<td>10.92<\/td>\n<td>317.88<\/td>\n<td>313.91<\/td>\n<td>88.55<\/td>\n<td>12.74<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>14.97<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>68<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>101.19<\/td>\n<td>12.19<\/td>\n<td>315.34<\/td>\n<td>311.37<\/td>\n<td>98.46<\/td>\n<td>11.61<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>14.97<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>68<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>101.19<\/td>\n<td>12.19<\/td>\n<td>315.34<\/td>\n<td>311.37<\/td>\n<td>98.46<\/td>\n<td>11.67&nbsp;f<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>14.33<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>72<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>107.15<\/td>\n<td>13.06<\/td>\n<td>313.6<\/td>\n<td>311.15 e<\/td>\n<td>105.21<\/td>\n<td>10.98<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>13.98<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>72<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>107.15<\/td>\n<td>13.06<\/td>\n<td>313.6<\/td>\n<td>311.15 e 309.63 309.63<\/td>\n<td>105.21<\/td>\n<td>10.91&nbsp;f<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>14.33<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>72<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>107.15<\/td>\n<td>13.06<\/td>\n<td>313.6<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>105.21<\/td>\n<td>10.98<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>13.98<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13 3\/8<\/td>\n<td>72<\/td>\n<td>339.72<\/td>\n<td>107.15<\/td>\n<td>13.06<\/td>\n<td>313.6<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>105.21<\/td>\n<td>10.91&nbsp;e<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>65<\/td>\n<td>406.4<\/td>\n<td>96.73<\/td>\n<td>9.53<\/td>\n<td>387.4<\/td>\n<td>382.57<\/td>\n<td>96.73<\/td>\n<td>18.59<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014 20.13<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td>406.4<\/td>\n<td>111.61<\/td>\n<td>11.13<\/td>\n<td>384.1<\/td>\n<td>379.37<\/td>\n<td>108.49<\/td>\n<td>16.66<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>18.11<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>84<\/td>\n<td>406.4<\/td>\n<td>125.01<\/td>\n<td>12.57<\/td>\n<td>381.3<\/td>\n<td>376.48<\/td>\n<td>122.09<\/td>\n<td>14.92<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>109<\/td>\n<td>406.4<\/td>\n<td>162.21<\/td>\n<td>16.66<\/td>\n<td>373.1<\/td>\n<td>368.3<\/td>\n<td>160.13<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18 5\/8<\/td>\n<td>87.5<\/td>\n<td>473.08<\/td>\n<td>130.21<\/td>\n<td>11.05<\/td>\n<td>450.98<\/td>\n<td>446.22<\/td>\n<td>125.91<\/td>\n<td>33.6<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>39.25<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>94<\/td>\n<td>508<\/td>\n<td>139.89<\/td>\n<td>11.13<\/td>\n<td>485.7<\/td>\n<td>480.97<\/td>\n<td>136.38<\/td>\n<td>20.5<\/td>\n<td>27.11<\/td>\n<td>24.78<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>94<\/td>\n<td>508<\/td>\n<td>139.89<\/td>\n<td>11.13<\/td>\n<td>485.7<\/td>\n<td>480.97<\/td>\n<td>136.38<\/td>\n<td>20.61<\/td>\n<td>27.26 g 24.27 17.84<\/td>\n<td>24.78<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>106.5<\/td>\n<td>508<\/td>\n<td>158.49<\/td>\n<td>12.7<\/td>\n<td>482.6<\/td>\n<td>477.82<\/td>\n<td>155.13<\/td>\n<td>18.22<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>133<\/td>\n<td>508<\/td>\n<td>197.93<\/td>\n<td>16.13<\/td>\n<td>475.7<\/td>\n<td>470.97<\/td>\n<td>195.66<\/td>\n<td>13.03<\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td>16.02<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">NOTE See also Figures D.1, D.2, and D.3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">a Labels are for information and assistance in ordering.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">b Nominal linear masses, <a href=\"\/tag\/threaded\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>threaded<\/strong><\/a> and <a href=\"\/tag\/coupled\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>coupled<\/strong><\/a> (Column 4) are s<a href=\"\/tag\/how\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>how<\/strong><\/a>n for information only.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">c The densities of martensitic chromium <a href=\"\/tag\/steel\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>steel<\/strong><\/a>s (<a href=\"\/tag\/l80\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong> L80<\/strong><\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/types\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/type\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>type<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><\/a> 9Cr and 13Cr) are less <a href=\"\/tag\/than\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>than<\/strong><\/a> those of <a href=\"\/tag\/carbon-steel\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/carbon\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>carbon<\/strong><\/a> steel<\/strong><\/a>s; The masses shown are therefore not <a href=\"\/tag\/accurate\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>accurate<\/strong><\/a> for martensitic chromium steels; A mass <a href=\"\/tag\/correct\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>correct<\/strong><\/a>ion factor of 0.989 shall be <a href=\"\/tag\/used\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>used<\/strong><\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">d Mass gain or loss due to end finishing; See 8.5.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">e Drift diameter for most <a href=\"\/tag\/common\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>common<\/strong><\/a> bit <a href=\"\/tag\/size\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>size<\/strong><\/a>; This drift diameter shall be specified in the purchase agreement and marked on the pipe; See 8.10 for drift <a href=\"\/tag\/requirements\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/requirement\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>requirement<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">f <a href=\"\/tag\/based\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>based<\/strong><\/a> on 758 mPa minimum <a href=\"\/tag\/yield\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>yield<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/strength\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>strength<\/strong><\/a> or greater.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"12\">g Based on 379 mPa minimum yield strength.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>One of the <a href=\"\/tag\/primary\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>primary<\/strong><\/a> challenges of maintaining a safe and efficient pipeline transportation system is the need to ensure that the pipelines are <a href=\"\/tag\/properly\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/proper\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>proper<\/strong><\/a>ly<\/strong><\/a> maintained and <a href=\"\/tag\/inspect\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>inspect<\/strong><\/a>ed. This includes regular <a href=\"\/tag\/inspection\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>inspection<\/strong><\/a>s of the pipeline infrastructure, as <a href=\"\/tag\/well\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>well<\/strong><\/a> as the <a href=\"\/tag\/implementation\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>implementation<\/strong><\/a> of preventive <a href=\"\/tag\/maintenance\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Maintenance<\/strong><\/a> programs to <a href=\"\/tag\/identify\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>identify<\/strong><\/a> and address potential issues before they become <a href=\"\/tag\/major\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>major<\/strong><\/a> problems. Additionally, it is <a href=\"\/tag\/important\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/import\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>import<\/strong><\/a>ant<\/strong><\/a> to ensure that the pipelines are operated in <a href=\"\/tag\/accordance\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>accor<a href=\"\/tag\/dan\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>dan<\/strong><\/a>ce<\/strong><\/a> with applicable safety <a href=\"\/tag\/regulation\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>regulation<\/strong><\/a>s and industry <a href=\"\/tag\/standards\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/standard\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/stand\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>stand<\/strong><\/a>ard<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Another challenge of maintaining a safe and efficient pipeline transportation system is the need to ensure that the pipelines are operated in a manner that minimizes the risk of spills and other environmental <a href=\"\/tag\/impact\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>impact<\/strong><\/a>s. This includes the implementation of leak <a href=\"\/tag\/detect\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>detect<\/strong><\/a>ion systems, as well as the use of best <a href=\"\/tag\/practices\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/practice\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>practice<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><\/a> for pipeline <a href=\"\/tag\/operations\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>operations<\/strong><\/a>. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the pipelines are operated in a manner that minimizes the risk of human error.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"5\"><a href=\"\/tag\/api-5ct-l80\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/api-5ct-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/api-5c\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>api 5c<\/strong><\/a>t<\/strong><\/a> l80<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"\/tag\/casing-tubing\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/casing\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>casing<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/tubing\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong>Tubing<\/strong><\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/grade\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>grade<\/strong><\/a> Color <a href=\"\/tag\/code\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>code<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Grade<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Grade Type<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Number and Color of Bands for Product <\/strong><strong>a <\/strong><strong>with <a href=\"\/tag\/length\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Length<\/strong><\/a> <\/strong>\u00b3&nbsp;<strong>1.8 m<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Color(s) for <a href=\"\/tag\/couplings\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/coupling\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>coupling<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Entire Coupling<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Band(s) <\/strong><strong>b, c<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>1<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>2<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>3<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>4<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>5<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/tag\/h40\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>h40<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>None or black band at the <a href=\"\/tag\/manufacturer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/manufacturer-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/manufacture\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>manufacture<\/strong><\/a>r<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a>\u2019s option<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<td>Same as for pipe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/tag\/j55-tubing\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/j55\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong> J55<\/strong><\/strong><\/a> tubing<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>One b<a href=\"\/tag\/right\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>right<\/strong><\/a> green<\/td>\n<td>Bright green<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>J55 Casing<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>One bright green<\/td>\n<td>Bright green<\/td>\n<td>One white<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/tag\/k55\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>K55<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Two bright green<\/td>\n<td>Bright green<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/tag\/n80\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong> N80<\/strong><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>One red<\/td>\n<td>Red<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N80<\/td>\n<td>Q<\/td>\n<td>One red, one bright green<\/td>\n<td>Red<\/td>\n<td>Green<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong> R95<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>One brown<\/td>\n<td>Brown<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L80<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>One red, one brown<\/td>\n<td>Red<\/td>\n<td>One brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L80<\/td>\n<td>9Cr<\/td>\n<td>One red, one brown, two yellow<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<td>Two yellow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L80<\/td>\n<td>13Cr<\/td>\n<td>One red, one brown, one yellow<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<td>One yellow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong> C90<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>One purple<\/td>\n<td>Purple<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/tag\/t95\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>T95<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>One silver<\/td>\n<td>Silver<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C110<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>One white, two brown<\/td>\n<td>White<\/td>\n<td>Two brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/tag\/p110\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong> P110<\/strong><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>One white<\/td>\n<td>White<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/tag\/q125\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Q125<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>One o<a href=\"\/tag\/range\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>range<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td>Orange<\/td>\n<td>None<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"5\">a In the case of coupling <a href=\"\/tag\/material\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>material<\/strong><\/a>, unless other<a href=\"\/tag\/wise\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>wise<\/strong><\/a> specified in the purchase agreement, the manufacturer&#8217;s internal requirements shall govern.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"5\">b <a href=\"\/tag\/special\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>special<\/strong><\/a> clearance couplings shall also have a black band.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"5\">c <a href=\"\/tag\/seal\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Seal<\/strong><\/a>-ring couplings shall also have a blue band.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>Finally, it is important to ensure that the pipelines are operated in a manner that maximizes <a href=\"\/tag\/efficiency\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>efficiency<\/strong><\/a>. This includes the implementation of <a href=\"\/tag\/advanced\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>advanced<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/technologies\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>technologies<\/strong><\/a> and systems that can help to reduce the amount of energy required to transport crude oil through the pipelines. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the pipelines are operated in a manner that minimizes the risk of downtime due to maintenance or other issues.<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/tag\/oil-tube\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Oil Tube<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/wholesale-price\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/wholesale\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>wholesale<\/strong><\/a>&#8211;<a href=\"\/tag\/price\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Price<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/high-quality\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>high-<a href=\"\/tag\/quality\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>quality<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/high-grade\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>high-grade<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/china\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>china<\/strong><\/a>,<a href=\"\/tag\/casing-pipe\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>casing pipe<\/strong><\/a> China high-quality ,<a href=\"\/tag\/wholesaler\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/wholesaler-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Wholesaler<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a>,casing pipe <a href=\"\/tag\/chinese\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>chinese<\/strong><\/a> high-grade wholesaler,<br \/>\nBy addressing these challenges, it is possible to ensure that the pipelines are operated safely and efficiently. This will help to ensure that the global energy infrastructure is able to meet the <a href=\"\/tag\/needs\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>needs<\/strong><\/a> of the world\u2019s <a href=\"\/tag\/population\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>population<\/strong><\/a> in a safe and reliable manner.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"\/tag\/exploring\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>explo<a href=\"\/tag\/ring\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>ring<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> the <a href=\"\/tag\/benefits\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>benefits<\/strong><\/a> of <a href=\"\/tag\/crude-oil-pipe\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/crude\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>crude<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pipe\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pip\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pi\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>oil<\/strong><\/a> pi<\/strong><\/a>p<\/strong><\/a>e<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a><a href=\"\/tag\/line\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>line<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/transportation\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>transportation<\/strong><\/a> <a href=\"\/tag\/systems\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/system\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>system<\/strong><\/a>s<\/strong><\/a> Crude <a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pipeline\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/oil-pipeline-2\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>oil <a href=\"\/tag\/pipeline\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"\/tag\/pipe\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><strong> Pipe<\/strong><\/strong><\/a>line<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/a> transportation systems offer a number of advantages over&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[146,143,99,92,94,86,75,51,53,41,44],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.12.0","language":"fr","enabled_languages":["en","es","de","fr","ru","it","pl","hi","th","ko","sv"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1755"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1755"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1755\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1755"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1755"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.petroleumtube.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1755"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}