Energy Pipelines – Oil and Gas
The Pros and Cons of building energy Pipelines for oil and gas
The debate over building energy pipelines for oil and gas is a complex one. On the one hand, these pipelines can provide a reliable and efficient way to transport energy resources from one place to another. On the other hand, there are potential environmental and safety risks associated with them. Letās take a look at the pros and cons of building energy pipelines for oil and gas.
The Pros
One of the main advantages of building energy pipelines is that they can provide a reliable and efficient way to transport energy resources from one place to another. This can help reduce the need for other forms of transportation, such as trucks and trains, which can be more expensive and less efficient. Additionally, pipelines can be built to transport energy resources over long distances, which can help reduce the need for other forms of energy production.
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Another benefit of energy pipelines is that they can help reduce the risk of spills and other environmental disasters. Pipelines are designed to be highly secure and are monitored closely to ensure that any potential problems are quickly identified and addressed. This can help reduce the risk of environmental damage caused by energy production.
The Cons
One of the main drawbacks of energy pipelines is that they can be expensive to build and maintain. Additionally, there is always the risk of leaks or other accidents that can cause environmental damage. Additionally, pipelines can be difficult to build in certain areas due to terrain or other obstacles.
Another potential issue with energy pipelines is that they can be a target for sabotage or other malicious activities. This can lead to disruption of energy supplies and can have serious economic and environmental consequences.
Overall, the debate over building energy pipelines for oil and gas is a complex one. While there are potential benefits, there are also potential risks that must be taken into consideration. Ultimately, it is up to each individual to decide whether the pros outweigh the cons.
The impact of Energy Pipelines on local Communities and the Environment
Energy pipelines have a significant impact on local communities and the environment. On the one hand, they can bring economic benefits to the local area, such as job creation and increased tax revenue. On the other hand, they can also have negative impacts, such as environmental damage and disruption to local communities.
The construction of energy pipelines can bring economic benefits to local communities. The construction of the pipeline creates jobs for local people, and the operation of the pipeline can bring in additional tax revenue. This can help to improve the local economy and provide much-needed funds for public services.
however, energy pipelines can also have a negative impact on the environment. The construction of the pipeline can cause disruption to local ecosystems, and the operation of the pipeline can lead to air and water pollution. In addition, the pipeline can also be a source of greenhouse gas emissions, which can contribute to climate change.
Calculated Mass c | |||||||||||
Nominal Linear Mass T& C b,c | wall Thick- ness | em, Mass Gain or Loss Due to End finishing d | |||||||||
Labels a | Outside diameter | Inside Diameter | Drift Diameter | Plain- end | kg | ||||||
Round Thread | Buttress Thread | ||||||||||
wpe | |||||||||||
D | kg/m | t | D | mm | kg/m | Short | Long | RC | SCC | ||
mm | mm | mm | |||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
7 | 17 | 177.8 | 25.6 | 5.87 | 166.06 | 162.88 | 24.89 | 7.61 | ā | ā | ā |
7 | 20 | 177.8 | 29.91 | 6.91 | 163.98 | 160.8 | 29.12 | 6.74 | ā 7.94 | ā 8.28 | ā 0.58 |
7 | 23 | 177.8 | 34.67 | 8.05 | 161.7 | 158.75 e 158.52 156.24 153.90 | 33.7 | 6.26 | 7.94 | 8.28 | 0.58 |
7 | 23 | 177.8 | 34.67 | 8.05 | 161.7 | 152.40 e | 33.7 | 6.26 | 7.37 | 7.65 | ā0.54 |
7 | 26 | 177.8 | 39.14 | 9.19 | 159.42 | 151.6 | 38.21 | 5.79 | 6.79 | 7.13 | ā0.69 |
7 | 29 | 177.8 | 43.6 | 10.36 | 157.08 | 149.32 | 42.78 | ā | 6.23 | 6.4 | ā1.31 |
7 | 32 | 177.8 | 47.92 | 11.51 | 154.78 | 147.18 | 47.2 | ā | 6.23 | 6.4 | ā1.31 |
7 | 32 | 177.8 | 47.92 | 11.51 | 154.78 | 142.86 | 47.2 | ā | 5.68 | 5.79 | ā1.91 |
7 | 35 | 177.8 | 52.09 | 12.65 | 152.5 | 139.72 | 51.52 | ā | 5.18 | 5.24 | ā2.47 |
7 | 38 | 177.8 | 56.1 | 13.72 | 150.36 | 136.52 | 55.52 | ā | ā | ā | ā |
7 | 42.7 | 177.8 | 63.84 | 15.88 | 146.04 | 133.38 | 63.41 | ā | ā | ā | ā |
7 | 46.4 | 177.8 | 69.35 | 17.45 | 142.9 | 130.18 | 69.01 | ā | ā | ā | ā |
7 | 50.1 | 177.8 | 74.85 | 19.05 | 139.7 | 74.58 | ā | ā | ā | ā | |
7 | 53.6 | 177.8 | 80.21 | 20.62 | 136.56 | 79.93 | ā | ā | ā | ā | |
7 | 57.1 | 177.8 | 85.42 | 22.22 | 133.36 | 85.25 | ā | ||||
7 5/8 | 24 | 193.68 | 35.72 | 7.62 | 178.44 | 175.26 | 34.96 | 7.11 | ā 8.58 | ā 9.12 | ā 2.59 |
7 5/8 | 26.4 | 193.68 | 39.29 | 8.33 | 177.02 | 173.84 | 38.08 | 6.78 | 7.91 | 8.38 | 1.84 |
7 5/8 | 29.7 | 193.68 | 44.2 | 9.52 | 174.64 | 171.46 | 43.24 | ā | 7.13 | 7.51 | 0.98 |
7 5/8 | 33.7 | 193.68 | 50.15 | 10.92 | 171.84 | 168.66 | 49.22 | ā | 6.16 | 6.44 | ā 0.10 |
7 5/8 | 39 | 193.68 | 58.04 | 12.7 | 168.28 | 165.1 | 56.68 | ā | 5.32 | 5.5 | ā1.03 |
7 5/8 | 42.8 | 193.68 | 63.69 | 14.27 | 165.14 | 161.96 | 63.14 | ā | 4.87 | 5.01 | ā1.52 |
7 5/8 | 45.3 | 193.68 | 67.41 | 15.11 | 163.46 | 160.28 | 66.54 | ā | 4.48 | 4.57 | ā1.96 |
7 5/8 | 47.1 | 193.68 | 70.09 | 15.88 | 161.92 | 158.74 | 69.63 | ā | ā | ā | ā |
7 5/8 | 51.2 | 193.68 | 76.19 | 17.45 | 158.78 | 155.6 | 75.84 | ā | ā | ā | ā |
7 5/8 | 55.3 | 193.68 | 82.3 | 19.05 | 155.58 | 152.4 | 82.04 | ā | |||
7 3/4 | 46.1 | 196.85 | 68.6 | 15.11 | 166.63 | 165.10 e | 67.72 | ā | ā | ā | ā |
7 3/4 | 46.1 | 196.85 | 68.6 | 15.11 | 166.63 | 163.45 | 67.72 | ā | ā | ā | ā |
The impact of energy pipelines on local communities and the environment is complex and varied. While they can bring economic benefits, they can also have negative impacts. It is important to consider all of the potential impacts before deciding whether or not to build a pipeline. By doing so, we can ensure that the benefits outweigh the costs and that local communities and the environment are protected.
Labels | Outside diameter (d/mm) |
T&C (kg/m) |
Wall thickness (t/mm) |
type of end-finish | |||||||
1 | 2 | J55/K55 | M65 | L80/ R95 | N80-1/Q | C90/T95 | P110 | Q125 | |||
4-1/2 | 9.50 | 114.30 | 14.14 | 5.21 | PS | PS | – | – | – | – | – |
10.50 | 114.30 | 15.63 | 5.69 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
11.60 | 114.30 | 17.26 | 6.35 | pslB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
13.50 | 114.30 | 20.09 | 7.37 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
15.10 | 114.30 | 22.47 | 8.56 | – | – | – | – | – | PLB | PLB | |
5 | 11.50 | 127.00 | 17.11 | 5.59 | PS | PS | – | – | – | – | – |
13.00 | 127.00 | 19.35 | 6.43 | PSLB | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – | |
15.00 | 127.00 | 22.32 | 7.52 | PSLB | PLB | SLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | ć | |
18.00 | 127.00 | 26.79 | 9.19 | – | PLB | SLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
21.40 | 127.00 | 31.85 | 11.10 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
23.20 | 127.00 | 34.53 | 12.14 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
24.10 | 127.00 | 35.87 | 12.70 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
5-1/2 | 14.00 | 139.70 | 20.83 | 6.20 | PS | PS | – | – | – | – | – |
15.50 | 139.70 | 23.07 | 6.98 | PSLB | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – | |
17.00 | 139.70 | 25.30 | 7.72 | PSLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
20.00 | 139.70 | 29.76 | 9.17 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
23.00 | 139.70 | 34.23 | 10.54 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
26.80 | 139.70 | 39.88 | 12.70 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
29.70 | 139.70 | 44.20 | 14.27 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
32.60 | 139.70 | 48.52 | 15.88 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
35.30 | 139.70 | 52.53 | 17.45 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
38.00 | 139.70 | 56.55 | 19.05 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
40.50 | 139.70 | 60.27 | 20.62 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
43.10 | 139.70 | 64.14 | 22.22 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
6-5/8 | 20.00 | 168.28 | 29.76 | 7.32 | PSLB | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – |
24.00 | 168.28 | 35.72 | 8.94 | PSLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
28.00 | 168.28 | 41.67 | 10.59 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
32.00 | 168.28 | 47.62 | 12.06 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
7 | 17.00 | 177.80 | 25.30 | 5.87 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
20.00 | 177.80 | 29.76 | 6.91 | PS | PS | – | – | – | – | – | |
23.00 | 177.80 | 34.23 | 8.05 | PSLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | – | |
26.00 | 177.80 | 38.69 | 9.19 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
29.00 | 177.80 | 43.16 | 10.36 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
32.00 | 177.80 | 47.62 | 11.51 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
35.00 | 177.80 | 52.09 | 12.65 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
38.00 | 177.80 | 56.55 | 13.72 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
42.70 | 177.80 | 63.55 | 15.88 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
46.40 | 177.80 | 69.05 | 17.45 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
50.10 | 177.80 | 74.56 | 19.05 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
53.60 | 177.80 | 79.77 | 20.62 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
57.10 | 177.80 | 84.98 | 22.22 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
7-5/8 | 24.00 | 193.68 | 35.72 | 7.62 | – | – | – | – | ć | – | – |
26.40 | 193.68 | 39.29 | 8.33 | PSLB | PSLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | – | |
29.70 | 193.68 | 44.20 | 9.52 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
33.70 | 193.68 | 50.15 | 10.92 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
39.00 | 193.68 | 58.04 | 12.70 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
42.80 | 193.68 | 63.69 | 14.27 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
45.30 | 193.68 | 67.42 | 15.11 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
47.10 | 193.68 | 70.09 | 15.88 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
51.20 | 193.68 | 76.20 | 17.45 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
55.30 | 193.68 | 82.30 | 19.05 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
7-3/4 | 46.10 | 196.85 | 68.61 | 15.11 | – | – | P | P | P | P | P |
8-5/8 | 24.00 | 219.08 | 35.72 | 6.71 | PS | PS | – | – | – | – | – |
28.00 | 219.08 | 41.67 | 7.72 | ć | PS | – | – | – | – | – | |
32.00 | 219.08 | 47.62 | 8.94 | PSLB | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – | |
36.00 | 219.08 | 53.58 | 10.16 | PSLB | PSLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
40.00 | 219.08 | 59.53 | 11.43 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
44.00 | 219.08 | 65.48 | 12.70 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
49.00 | 219.08 | 72.92 | 14.15 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
9-5/8 | 32.30 | 244.48 | 48.07 | 7.92 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
36.00 | 244.48 | 53.58 | 8.94 | PSLB | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – | |
40.00 | 244.48 | 59.53 | 10.03 | PSLB | PSLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | – | |
43.50 | 244.48 | 64.74 | 11.05 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | – | |
47.00 | 244.48 | 69.95 | 11.99 | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
53.50 | 244.48 | 79.62 | 13.84 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
58.40 | 244.48 | 86.91 | 15.11 | – | – | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | PLB | |
59.40 | 244.48 | 88.40 | 15.47 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
64.90 | 244.48 | 96.58 | 17.07 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
70.30 | 244.48 | 104.62 | 18.64 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
75.60 | 244.48 | 112.51 | 20.24 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
10-3/4 | 32.75 | 273.05 | 48.74 | 7.09 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
40.50 | 273.05 | 60.27 | 8.89 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
45.50 | 273.05 | 67.71 | 10.16 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
51.00 | 273.05 | 75.90 | 11.43 | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | – | |
55.50 | 273.05 | 82.60 | 12.57 | – | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | – | |
60.70 | 273.05 | 90.33 | 13.84 | – | – | – | – | PSB | PSB | PSB | |
65.70 | 273.05 | 97.77 | 15.11 | – | – | – | – | PSB | PSB | PSB | |
73.20 | 273.05 | 108.94 | 17.07 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
79.20 | 273.05 | 117.87 | 18.64 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
85.30 | 273.05 | 126.94 | 20.24 | – | – | – | – | P | – | – | |
11-3/4 | 42.00 | 298.45 | 62.50 | 8.46 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
47.00 | 298.45 | 69.95 | 9.53 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
54.00 | 298.45 | 80.36 | 11.05 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
60.00 | 298.45 | 89.29 | 12.42 | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | |
65.00 | 298.45 | 96.73 | 13.56 | – | – | P | P | P | P | P | |
71.00 | 298.45 | 105.66 | 14.78 | – | – | P | P | P | P | P | |
13-3/8 | 48.00 | 339.72 | 71.43 | 8.38 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
54.50 | 339.72 | 81.11 | 9.65 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
61.00 | 339.72 | 90.78 | 10.92 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
68.00 | 339.72 | 101.20 | 12.19 | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | – | |
72.00 | 339.72 | 107.15 | 13.06 | – | – | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | PSB | |
16 | 65.00 | 406.40 | 96.73 | 9.53 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
75.00 | 406.40 | 111.62 | 11.13 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
84.00 | 406.40 | 125.01 | 12.57 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – | |
109.00 | 406.40 | 162.21 | 16.66 | P | – | P | P | – | P | P | |
18-5/8 | 87.50 | 473.08 | 130.22 | 11.05 | PSB | PSB | – | – | – | – | – |
20 | 94.00 | 508.00 | 139.89 | 11.13 | PSLB | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – |
106.50 | 508.00 | 158.49 | 12.70 | PSLB | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – | |
133.00 | 508.00 | 197.93 | 16.13 | PSLB | – | – | – | – | – | – |